{"product_id":"nrel-high-pressure-lte-cell-pem-aem-with-internally-pressure-balanced-res","title":"NREL High-Pressure LTE Cell - PEM\/AEM with internally pressure-balanced REs","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis electrolyzer is a research-grade electrochemical setup designed for advanced electrocatalysis studies under controlled pressure, inspired by the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/wholesale.redox.me\/collections\/electrochemical-flow-systems\/products\/nrel-high-pressure-lte-cell-nrel-high-pressure-low-temperature-electrolysis-cell\" title=\"NREL electrolyzer\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNREL High-Pressure Liquid Testing (HPLT) electrolyzer\u003c\/a\u003e concept and extended to enable true three-electrode measurements on both the anode and cathode sides. The detailed specification of the electrolyzer \u003cspan\u003edeveloped by \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nrel.gov\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNational Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)\u003c\/a\u003e can be found on its \u003ca rel=\"noopener\" title=\"PEM\/AEM electrolyzer from NREL\" href=\"https:\/\/wholesale.redox.me\/collections\/electrochemical-flow-systems\/products\/nrel-high-pressure-lte-cell-nrel-high-pressure-low-temperature-electrolysis-cell\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eproduct page\u003c\/a\u003e. On the present page, however, there is a description of the extension of functionality to internally pressure-balanced reference electrodes.\u003cbr\u003eUnlike conventional two-electrode electrolyzer test cells, this system integrates two independent reference electrodes (REs), one dedicated to the anode and one to the cathode, allowing accurate, potential-resolved analysis of electrode kinetics, overpotentials, and degradation mechanisms. Each reference electrode is a classical glass-bodied electrode with a ceramic frit, mounted in a pressure-rated PEEK cup. The reference electrodes are equipped with a pressure vent, ensuring that the internal pressure of the reference electrode equilibrates with the operating pressure of the electrolyzer. This design eliminates pressure-induced drift and mechanical stress on the reference electrode junction.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1847\" data-start=\"1524\"\u003eThe reference electrodes are housed in dedicated PEEK chambers that are installed directly into precision-drilled ports in the flow fields. An ionic connection between the flow field and the reference electrode chamber is established via a Polyethylene (PE) frit, creating a double-junction reference electrode configuration: 1st junction between the flow field and the PE frit; 2nd junction between the electrolyte-filled PEEK bottom compartment and the RE's ceramic frit. This arrangement significantly reduces contamination of the reference electrode, improves long-term stability, and allows operation in aggressive electrochemical environments.\u003cbr\u003eElectrical contact to the reference electrodes is implemented in a manner that fully preserves the pressure integrity of the PEEK chamber. No direct pressure leaks or mechanically stressed feedthroughs are introduced, making the system suitable for high-pressure electrolysis experiments.\u003cbr\u003eThe setup is compatible with both PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) and AEM (Anion Exchange Membrane) electrolyzers.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApplication note:\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eThe pressure vent is made by installing a thin steel tube (such as those used in medical needles) into one of the openings intended for filling the electrode. This requires the electrode to be a refillable version. Depending on the membrane chemistry and electrolyte environment, different reference electrodes can be used. Our product range includes 30 mm-long Ag\/AgCl electrodes for PEM and 30 mm-long mercury-based electrodes (\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/wholesale.redox.me\/products\/mercury-based-non-refillable-reference-electrode-6-mm-dia?_pos=1\u0026amp;_sid=a26ee7852\u0026amp;_ss=r\u0026amp;variant=49656324522313\" title=\"30 mm long Hg\/HgO RE\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eHg\/HgO\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca rel=\"noopener\" title=\"30 m long Hg\/Hg2Cl2 RE\" href=\"https:\/\/wholesale.redox.me\/products\/mercury-based-non-refillable-reference-electrode-6-mm-dia?_pos=1\u0026amp;_sid=a26ee7852\u0026amp;_ss=r\u0026amp;variant=49656324587849\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eHg\/Hg₂Cl₂\u003c\/a\u003e) for AEM, which, after modification, can be used in this setup. The modification consists of drilling a hole at the top of the glass body. Before shipping the order, we will ask you which reference electrodes are optimal for your experiment.\u003cbr\u003eThe PEEK RE adaper (bottom compartment must be filled to two-thirds of its height with an appropriate electrolyte to: a) establish a stable ionic connection between the reference electrode and the working electrode (anode or cathode), b) protect the reference electrode from direct exposure to the bulk electrolyte, and c) enable operation with lower electrolyte concentrations, which is particularly critical for AEM systems. If a reference electrode is not used in the experiment, the bottom electrolyte compartment of the adapter must be fully filled.\u003cbr\u003eThe PEEK reference electrode adapters are fully modular and easily disassembled, allowing rapid replacement of reference electrodes without disturbing the main electrolyzer assembly. This design supports routine maintenance, electrolyte exchange, and experimental flexibility. The main applications of the electrolyzer with internally pressure-balanced REs are: a) electrocatalyst activity and stability studies, b) accurate separation of anode and cathode overpotentials, c) high-pressure water electrolysis research, d) PEM and AEM electrolyzer development and e) mechanistic studies requiring true three-electrode control\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecification:\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003ecell\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003eactive area: 25 cm², 4 cm² or 1 cm² (other on request)\u003cbr\u003emaximum verified working pressure: 30 bar\u003cbr\u003eflow field design: triple serpentine (other on request)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003etemperature sensor\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003esensor type: Pt100 x2 (100 \u003cspan lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: Aptos; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Aptos; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Aptos; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;\"\u003eW\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e at 0 ºC)\u003cbr\u003econstruction: Wire-Wound, 10 mm tails\u003cbr\u003efundamental interval: 38.5 \u003cspan lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: Aptos; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Aptos; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Aptos; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;\"\u003eW\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e (nominal)\u003cbr\u003eself-heating: 0.02 to 0.3 ºC\/mW\u003cbr\u003ethermal response: \u0026lt;0.4 s\u003cbr\u003emeasuring current: 1 mA\u003cbr\u003ediameter: 1.5 mm\u003cbr\u003elength: 15 mm\u003cbr\u003etolerance class (IEC 60751): Class A\u003cbr\u003etemperature range: -200 ºC to +650 ºC\u003cbr\u003ebody material: alumina\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eadhesive-backed pad heater\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003epower source: electric\u003cbr\u003evoltage: max 60 V\u003cbr\u003epower: max 59 W\u003cbr\u003eresistance: 61 \u003cspan lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: Aptos; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Aptos; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Aptos; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;\"\u003eW\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003ematerial: polyimide\u003cbr\u003emaximum temperature: 250 ºC\u003cbr\u003ewire type: silicone braided wire\u003cbr\u003einsulating resistance: \u0026gt;5 M\u003cspan lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: Aptos; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Aptos; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Aptos; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;\"\u003eW\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003esize: 50 mm x 50 mm\u003cbr\u003ethickness: \u0026lt;0.266 mm\u003cbr\u003eadhesive: 3M\u003cbr\u003ewire length: 60 mm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003efittings\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003ebody material: Stainless Steel 316\u003cbr\u003econnection 1 size: 1\/4 in. tube OD (6.35 mm)\u003cbr\u003econnection 1 type: Swagelok® Tube Fitting\u003cbr\u003econnection 2 size: 7\/16-20 in.\u003cbr\u003econnection 2 type: male SAE\/MS straight thread\u003cbr\u003ereference: Swagelok® part #: SS-400-5-4ST\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntrastat data:\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eHS Code: 90278080\u003cbr\u003eCountry of Origin: Sweden\u003cbr\u003eNET weight: 2000 g\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eList of Materials:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003ecell\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003eanode flow field (PEM): platinum coated titanium (grade II)\u003cbr\u003ecathode flow field (PEM): gold coated titanium (grade II)\u003cbr\u003eanode flow field (AEM): pure nickel\u003cbr\u003ecathode flow field (AEM): pure nickel\u003cbr\u003ethreaded end plate: anodized aluminium \u003cbr\u003eunthreaded end plate: anodized aluminium\u003cbr\u003ecurrent collectors: gold coated (nickel interlayer) copper (101)\u003cbr\u003efittings: Stainless Steel 316\u003cbr\u003ebolts: zinc yellow-chromate plated steel grade 8\u003cbr\u003egaskets: skived PTFE and FKM\u003cbr\u003ewashers: Stainless Steel18\/8\u003cbr\u003eBelleville washers: Stainless Steel 302\u003cbr\u003einsulating tape: PEEK\u003cbr\u003ealignment pins: PFA\u003cbr\u003etemperature sensor body: alumina\u003cbr\u003eadhesive backed pad heater: polyimide with 3M adhesive\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRE adapter\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/em\u003ebottom compartment: PEEK\u003cbr\u003etop compartment: PEEK\u003cbr\u003ecapillary tube: fluorinated polymer\u003cbr\u003efrit: p\u003cspan\u003eolyethylene\u003cbr\u003eelectrical plug: gold coated titanium (grade II)\u003cbr\u003eO-rings: FKM\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSetup includes:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1 x anode flow field\u003cbr\u003e1 x cathode flow field\u003cbr\u003e1 x threaded end plate \u003cbr\u003e1 x unthreaded end plate \u003cbr\u003e2 x current collector\u003cbr\u003e4 x Swagelok® part #: SS-400-5-4ST fitting\u003cbr\u003e8 x bolt\u003cbr\u003e10 x FKM gasket\u003cbr\u003e10 x skived PTFE gasket \u003cbr\u003e16 x washer\u003cbr\u003e64 x Belleville washer\u003cbr\u003e2 x insulating PEEK tape\u003cbr\u003e4 x alignment pin 11 mm long, 3 mm OD\u003cbr\u003e2 x alignment pin 8 mm long, 3 mm OD\u003cbr\u003e2 x dual Pt100 temperature sensor\u003cbr\u003e2 x adhesive backed pad heater\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e2 x bottom RE compartment\u003cbr\u003e2 x top RE compartment\u003cbr\u003e2 x RE electrical plug with 4 mm female banana socket\u003cbr\u003e2 x set of FKM O-rings for RE adapter\u003cbr\u003e2 x capillary with PE frit\u003cbr\u003e2 x selected reference electrode\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelated products:\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/wholesale.redox.me\/collections\/electrochemical-flow-systems\/products\/modular-pem-electrolyzer-test-station-up-to-3-kw\" title=\"PEM test station\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eModular PEM Electrolyzer Test Station\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"redox.me","offers":[{"title":"25 cm2 \/ PEM","offer_id":53647351742793,"sku":"C-A-NREL-PEM-REs-25","price":9000.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"25 cm2 \/ AEM","offer_id":53647351775561,"sku":"C-A-NREL-AEM-REs-25","price":9000.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"4 cm2 \/ PEM","offer_id":53647351808329,"sku":"C-A-NREL-PEM-REs-4","price":9000.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"4 cm2 \/ AEM","offer_id":53647351841097,"sku":"C-A-NREL-AEM-REs-4","price":9000.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 cm2 \/ PEM","offer_id":53647351873865,"sku":"C-A-NREL-PEM-REs-1","price":9000.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 cm2 \/ AEM","offer_id":53647351906633,"sku":"C-A-NREL-AEM-REs-1","price":9000.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0146\/2042\/6340\/files\/1_600x700_5efad5fb-e47e-476b-ad09-774a3f494164.webp?v=1768236248","url":"https:\/\/wholesale.redox.me\/products\/nrel-high-pressure-lte-cell-pem-aem-with-internally-pressure-balanced-res","provider":"wholesale.redox.me","version":"1.0","type":"link"}